The cause-specific mortality rate is the mortality rate from a specified cause for a population. The numerator is the number of deaths attributed to a specific cause. The denominator remains the size of the population at the midpoint of the time period. The fraction is usually expressed per , population. In the United States in , a total of , deaths were attributed to accidents unintentional injuries , yielding a cause-specific mortality rate of An age-specific mortality rate is a mortality rate limited to a particular age group.
The numerator is the number of deaths in that age group; the denominator is the number of persons in that age group in the population. In the United States in , a total of , deaths occurred among persons aged 25—44 years, or an age-specific mortality rate of The infant mortality rate is perhaps the most commonly used measure for comparing health status among nations.
It is calculated as follows:. The infant mortality rate is generally calculated on an annual basis. It is a widely used measure of health status because it reflects the health of the mother and infant during pregnancy and the year thereafter.
The health of the mother and infant, in turn, reflects a wide variety of factors, including access to prenatal care, prevalence of prenatal maternal health behaviors such as alcohol or tobacco use and proper nutrition during pregnancy, etc. Is the infant mortality rate a ratio? Is it a proportion? No, because some of the deaths in the numerator were among children born the previous year.
Consider the infant mortality rate in That year, 28, infants died and 4,, children were born, for an infant mortality rate of 6. Is the infant mortality rate truly a rate? They are not exactly the same, however, because the estimated number of infants residing in the United States on July 1, was slightly larger than the number of children born in the United States in , presumably because of immigration.
The neonatal period covers birth up to but not including 28 days. The numerator of the neonatal mortality rate therefore is the number of deaths among children under 28 days of age during a given time period. The denominator of the neonatal mortality rate, like that of the infant mortality rate, is the number of live births reported during the same time period. The neonatal mortality rate is usually expressed per 1, live births.
In , the neonatal mortality rate in the United States was 4. The postneonatal period is defined as the period from 28 days of age up to but not including 1 year of age. The numerator of the postneonatal mortality rate therefore is the number of deaths among children from 28 days up to but not including 1 year of age during a given time period. The denominator is the number of live births reported during the same time period. The postneonatal mortality rate is usually expressed per 1, live births.
In , the postneonatal mortality rate in the United States was 2. The maternal mortality rate is really a ratio used to measure mortality associated with pregnancy. The numerator is the number of deaths during a given time period among women while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and the site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management, but not from accidental or incidental causes.
Maternal mortality rate is usually expressed per , live births. In , the U. A sex-specific mortality rate is a mortality rate among either males or females. Both numerator and denominator are limited to the one sex. A race-specific mortality rate is a mortality rate related to a specified racial group.
Both numerator and denominator are limited to the specified race. For example, in , the death rate from diseases of the heart among women ages 45—54 years was These rates are a cause-, age-, and sex-specific rates, because they refer to one cause diseases of the heart , one age group 45—54 years , and one sex female or male.
Review the following rates. Determine what to call each one, then calculate it using the data provided in Table 3. In , a total of 15, homicide deaths occurred among males and 4, homicide deaths occurred among females. The estimated midyear populations for males and females were ,, and ,,, respectively. Check your answer. Age-adjusted mortality rate: a mortality rate statistically modified to eliminate the effect of different age distributions in the different populations.
Entirely too much importance and finality, he says, are attached to many crude death rates. Thus, if calculations from the crude death rates for cancer over the twenty-five year period are made, one would conclude that the mortality rate had increased over 41 per cent in the last year of the time series as compared with the first year.
When corrected, however, for the effect of the changing age distribution, it develops that the increase was only Another common mistake in interpretation of mortality figures is the utter disregard of the fact that data for the expanding death registration area do not relate to the entire country for years prior to An example of the dangers inherent in.
Coronavirus Resource Center. Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy Continue. Twitter Facebook Email. This Issue. In addition, mortality statistics are a useful tool for health assessment due to the standardized, broadly accepted methods used to produce them.
Connecticut and other states throughout the U. This surveillance infrastructure has helped to assure the comparability and integrity of mortality data throughout the U.
In addition, mortality data benefits from the existence of death registration systems that provide information on virtually all death occurrences. The CT mortality tables provide the cause of death, the number of deaths for that cause, the age-adjusted mortality rate, and the years of potential life lost.
Statistical comparisons assessing changes over time and differences between demographic groups are also provided. Data tables are published annually. For data prior to , please contact Health Statistics and Surveillance
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