Screws come in all sizes and shapes, and each one with different features. They can be round, fat, thin, short, long, and more, but how do you know which is the right screw for your project? Before we get started, watch this quick video explaining the different types of screws and read the brief article here to learn about how screws are classified.
Here is our handy chart demonstrating types of screws based on popularity, head styles, drive types, nut types, washer types, and top view. Decking screws are made of stainless steel or carbon steel and specially designed to attach wooden or composite boards to metal or wood. These screws come in various widths and lengths and are the perfect solution for fastening decking boards to frames.
Pan-head screws have flat heads with rounded sides and commonly used for metal applications. These machine screws are similar to rounded oval head screws, with the difference being that the oval head types are also rounded on top, whereas the pan-head screws are flat heads.
Pan-head screws are also available in slotted heads with a single cut that makes them compatible with the screw drive of any screwdriver. Hex cap screws are large-sized bolts with a hexagonal head — hence their name! They are used to attach wood or metal to wood. Hex screws consist of tiny steel threads that make them ideal for interior home improvement projects or stainless steel exterior tasks.
These screws also feature a flat washer under the screw head and provide precise applications. Carriage bolts are specifically used in woodworking projects to fasten metal to wood. These bolts have a domed head that prevents loosening. The large head shape of carriage bolts also prevents them from getting pulled through a wooden construction. Aside from being intended for use in woodworking projects, carriage bolts are just as suitable for metal applications thanks to their machine screw thread.
Having said that, carriage bolts are not compatible with drill adaptors so installing them in metal can be rather difficult if not impossible. Lag screws typically consist of a hexagonal head and are designed for high-impact applications. The most common places you can find these screws include decks and wood-retaining sidewalls. Lag bolts are extremely strong, durable, and long-lasting. They are mostly made of high-carbon steel for the core with an outer galvanized zinc.
The galvanized zinc material protects them from rust and corrosion. Hammer drive screws are in the same category as self-tapping screws. They consist of unslotted round heads used for attaching name plates or signs as well as for sealing drain holes.
Hammer drive screws are also highly useful for rust-proofing tubular structures. These screws function similarly to nails as they are driven into holes using a hammer or mallet for a quick assembly. The unique design of hammer drive screws makes them highly durable and strong. And aside from being suitable for attaching name plates, they are also ideal for wall signs and other such applications. Square head bolts are very much similar to hexagonal-shaped cap screws, but instead of a 6-sided hex head, they have a 4-sided square head.
This square head enables a better wrench grip for fastening. Square head bolts are also referred to as screws and are designed to be driven using a grip wrench. These types of bolts are mostly used for aesthetic purposes, such as adding character to a new structure or to match the existing bolts in older buildings. Socket-head cap bolts are used for applications with limited or tight space.
Socket-head cap screws are most commonly used in the automotive industry, machine tools, mining machinery, and engineering applications. Oval head screws are available in undercut or trim heads with shorter screw lengths to allow longer thread grip.
This is the case with the oval undercut head screws that come with a more shallow countersink. The oval countersunk screw heads include an aesthetically pleasing rounded finish top and are mostly used for covering switches. They also make an excellent choice for making the finished product look more attractive. These stainless steel screws are so strong and durable that they eliminate the need for maintenance. Wood screws consist of a threaded shaft and are used to connect wood to wood.
These types of screws have different thread times and are available in a range of different heads. The most common wood screw heads, however, are flat and round heads. Sheet metal screws can fasten or connect two pieces of sheet metal together to tubing or other metal types. There are different types of sheet metal screw heads available including flat, hex, and round.
These slotted screws are made from pure steel with a weather-proof coating of stainless steel or aluminum. They are most commonly used in welding industries.
Mirror screws also feature tapered rubber grommets. These prevent the screws from pressing into the mirror directly. The screws and covers are all coated with zinc, keeping them resistant to rust. This means that these screws can also be used in moist settings, such as bathrooms, without any problem.
Also known as twinfast screws and particle board screws, chipboard screws, as the name suggests, are self-tapping screws that are meant particularly for chipboard. The coarse thread, with two times more thread pitch than standard wood screws, makes it easy to drive them into chipboard, particle board and fibre board of different densities.
Due to their ample thread, they can also be easily inserted using ordinary drive bits and hand screwdrivers. The self-centering point on the screw also helps it go in straight and reduce the risk of splitting in the chipboard. Also known as tamper-proof screws, security screws are more or less standard screws; however, they feature unique heads, which means that common tools cannot possibly remove these screws. Though the problem may not lie in the security screws themselves, the abundant number of driver bits is definitely a problem.
Designed for heavy-duty fastening, hammer-drive screws are also known as U-drive screws, non-slotted round head screws, or simply drive screws. Hammer-drive screws are most commonly used to attach signs on the wall, nameplates, or other similar purposes.
You can use hammers, mallets, or hammer-drive devices to quickly and permanently drive these screws in. Screws exist in abundance, with one screw for every need and purpose. The screwdriver, originally called a screwturner or turnscrew, entered the world inconspicuously and kept a very low profile until its th birthday.
Historians believe it was invented in Germany, but aren't sure exactly when. The Medieval Housebook of Wolfegg Castle , the oldest known written reference to the tool, has a hazy publishing date somewhere between and Considering the invention likely predates the book by at least a few years, the mid to late 15th century is about as exact a birthday as it gets.
For about years, the persistent presence of screws is the only solid evidence that screwdrivers even existed. Then, suddenly, documentation of screwdrivers exploded across Europe, particularly in France.
Early screwdrivers had pear-shaped handles and were made for slotted screws. Metal screws as we know them today have been in use since at least the 15 th century for cabinetry work and to secure plates on jousting armor.
The length of a screwdriver varies from 50 millimeters i. A screwdriver has three main parts, as shown in the figure. Handle, generally wooden or plastic handles are fixed to the screwdrivers. In order to save the wooden handle from being broken, an iron is fixed to the handle. The middle part between the blade and the handle is called the shank.
On its lower part tip or blade is made. On the upper part either there is a hole through which a wire is passed or this end is made flat so that when this part is fixed to handle it does not allow the shank to move separately. These are generally made of carbon steel. Blade is the lower part of the shank. It is also known as tip. This part is hardened and tempered. As its name indicates these types of screwdrivers are used for tightening or loosening different types of screws.
These are available in small as well as larger sizes. Flathead screwdrivers have a handle of wood or plastic fixed to them. According to needs, there are light-duty screwdrivers or heavy-duty screwdrivers. They have a flat tip. The tip of these types of screwdrivers is different from that of others. This tip is pointed and is made after cutting four flutes.
Philips screwdrivers are used where the screw has T cross-shaped groove at their heads. These screws are available in varying numbers measurements. Torx screwdrivers are very common and are often used by automotive engineers. Sometimes they are also called star tips by an engineer. This driver has a star-shaped tip with 6 round lobes.
A Torx screwdriver has a low radial force due to the spherical geometry of the lobes, which improves the life of the screw and the screwdriver bit. Unlike Philips or Pozidriv screwdrivers, even on power devices with high driving speeds, too much torque can be transferred with no chance of equipment slipping, which makes it safer to use. Torx-type screwdrivers come in a variety of sizes and use a numbering system such as T8, T10, T15, T25, etc. As the number increases, the tooltip size increases.
The square screwdriver is also known as the Robertson screwdriver. A Canadian invented this screwdriver. Engagement of a fairly tapered square-shaped opening screw with a square projection, which involves no angle, neglects the cam-out effect, thus improving centralization. A slight taper shape in front of the tool provides a good locking with screws and hence makes it more suitable for use. These types of screwdrivers were first used by the Ford Motor Company for industrial purposes, as these drivers speed up production, reduce losses, and are highly reliable.
Unlike the Phillips screwdriver, the pozidriv screwdriver has two cross marks that are offset at an angle of 45 degrees. These are widely used in European countries. This shape does not completely overcome the cam-out effect but gives better resistance to slipping and provides more stability than the Phillip screwdriver.
So, it is used for use that requires huge torque for tightening of the screw. It has six straight portions like a hexagon. These are often used to fasten bolts instead of screws. You may be seen these bits in your bitcoin box to tighten or lose hex bolts , nuts , and screws. There is no sliding or cam-out effect when driving it, so the most powerful driver tools can be fitted with hex arranging bits and thus, it produces faster and with less error.
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